V.35,no.4,Dec 2023 https://doi.org/10.5764/TCF. Journal Textile Coloration and Finishing Year / Vol., Issue, Month 2020 / V.32,no.3,Sept Title Formaldehyde-Free Durable Flame-Retardant Finish of Cotton Using Hexachlorocyclophosphazene and Triethanolamine Authors Jeong-Hwan Kim and Jinho Jang* Institution/Affiliations Kumoh National Institute of Technology Pages/Total page pp.150 ~ 157 / 8 Language Korean Abstract Hexachloro-cyclophosphazene(HCCP), a formaldehyde-free flame retardant(FR), was steam-cured with triethanol amine(TEA) to impart durable flame-retardancy to cotton fabrics. While the HCCP treatment alone showed very limited resistance to repeated laundering cycles, the addition of TEA substantially improved the laundering durability of the FR cotton up to twenty laundering cycles. The extended washing resistance was accomplished by the increased nucleophilic substitution of unreacted P-Cl groups in HCCP by the TEA resulting in the more densely crosslinked FR networks. With increasing molar ratio of TEA to the HCCP up to 2, the flame retarding effectivity and the synergistic effectiveness improved to 2.8 and 1.8 respectively. TGA and microscale combustion calorimetry verified the pyrolysis and combustion behaviors of the FR-cotton, which showed lower maximum pyrolysis and combustion temperatures together with substantially decreased peak pyrolysis and heat release rate, synergistically yielding larger amounts of carbonaceous chars. The formaldehyde-free HCCP and TEA can be a durable FR finishing agents for cotton fabrics acting through a solid-phase flame-retarding mechanism. Keywords formaldehyde-free, durable, flame retardant, cotton, crosslink Download   Reference http://koreascience.or.kr/journal/OSGGBT/v32n3.page